Asthma, a disease which is characterized by the inflammation of the airways that makes breathing difficult, can be caused by exposures in the workplace. Some chemicals prevalent in workplace settings triggers swelling in the airways, allowing less air to go to the lungs and causing symptoms like coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness. It is estimated that in the United States 15% of disabling asthma cases are associated with work-related factors, making occupational asthma the most common occupational lung disease (NHLBI, 2011).
More than 250 substances have been recognized as asthma inducing or worsening agents, and several of these substances are found in cleaning and disinfecting products. Janitors, cleaners, health care workers, food service workers, and others who use these products as a part of their job are thus at a particularly high risk. Individuals working in areas that are often disinfected may also be at risk.
Disinfectants have an important role in preventing the spread of serious infectious diseases, but their use is not recommended in places where there is no elevated risk of infection, or where plain detergents would be effective in removing infectious organisms. When disinfectants must be used, properly fitted personal protective gear should be used to reduce the amount of chemicals breathed in and any symptoms should be reported immediately. Physicians in occupational medicine and industrial hygiene specialists can assist employers and workers to assess and reduce hazards in the workplace and provide training on how to safely work with disinfectants.
People suffering from occupational or work-exacerbated asthma often do not realize their symptoms are related to their job. If symptoms worsen during the work day and decrease when away from work, this could be indicative of occupational asthma. Anyone experiencing symptoms should get an evaluation done by an occupational physician or pulmonologist experienced in the care of patients with work-related asthma.
The Mount Sinai Selikoff Centers for Occupational Health are widely recognized as leaders in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of workplace injuries and illnesses. We are dedicated to providing cutting-edge clinical services with a focus on prevention to keep workers healthy and their workplaces safe. If you have any questions about occupational asthma or if you would like to discuss your own exposure to asthma inducing agents, you can speak with an expert at the Selikoff Centers for Occupational Health by calling 888-702-0630.